| ART Uptake | VL < 1000 | VL < 200 | VL < 50 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Unadjusted PR (95% CI) | Adjusted PR (95% CI) | Unadjusted PR (95% CI) | Adjusted PR (95% CI) | Unadjusted PR (95% CI) | Adjusted PR (95% CI) | Unadjusted PR (95% CI) | Adjusted PR (95% CI) |
Discordance status | ||||||||
 Sero-Discordant | 4.6 (2.5–8.3) | 2.8 (1.1–6.8) | 4.4 (2.4–7.9) | 1.5 (0.6–3.9) | 3.9 (2.2–7.1) | 1.4 (0.5–3.4) | 4.4 (2.4–8.1) | 1.9 (0.8–4.5) |
 Sero-Concordant | Ref | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Age (years) | ||||||||
 18–24 | Ref | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 25–39 | 1.5 (0.3–7.1) | 2.3 (0.3–17.3) | 0.7 (0.1–3.6) | 0.2 (0.0–2.1) | 0.5 (0.1–2.8) | 0.2 (0.0–1.5) | 0.4 (0.1–2.1) | 0.1 (0.0–0.9) |
 40–49 | 2.4 (0.5–11.8) | 2.7 (0.3–23.2) | 1.0 (0.2–5.5) | 0.3 (0.0–2.8) | 0.9 (0.2–5.2) | 0.3 (0.0–3.1) | 0.8 (0.2–4.6) | 0.2 (0.0–2.1) |
 50 +  | 5.5 (1.0–29.7) | 5.0 (0.5–48.6) | 2.9 (0.4–18.0) | 0.6 (0.1–8.0) | 2.2 (0.4–13.0) | 0.5 (0.1–7.0) | 2.2 (0.4–13.0) | 0.5 (0.0–5.2) |
Gender | ||||||||
 Man | Ref | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Woman | 0.6 (0.3–0.9) | 0.9 (0.4–2.1) | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | – | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | – | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | – |
Marital status | ||||||||
 Single | Ref | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Married | 8.8 (0.9–86.2) | 6.4 (0.3–121.7) | 7.6 (0.8–74.2) | – | 6.2 (0.6–60.0) | – | 5.2 (0.5–51.1) | – |
 Divorced/Widowed/ Separated/Other | 4.0 (0.3–60.3) | 21.8 (0.7–654.7) | 3.0 (0.2–42.6) | – | 3.0 (0.2–42.5) | – | 1.8 (0.1–26.2) | – |
Site | ||||||||
 Uganda | Ref | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Kericho, Kenya | 8.9 (4.2–19.1) | 29.4 (6.3–134.6) | 7.6 (3.6–16.0) | 3.9 (1.3–11.3) | 6.0 (2.9–12.4) | 3.1 (1.1–8.8) | 5.0 (2.5–10.1) | 2.4 (0.9–6.6) |
 Kisumu, Kenya | 5.5 (1.9–16.0) | 32.5 (5.5–192.3) | 2.8 (1.1–7.2) | 1.3 (0.3–5.2) | 2.4 (0.9–6.2) | 1.1 (0.3–4.3) | 2.3 (0.9–5.6) | 1.1 (0.3–4.0) |
 Tanzania | 1.2 (0.5–3.3) | 3.6 (0.6–20.3) | 1.3 (0.5–3.6) | 2.2 (0.5–8.9) | 0.6 (0.2–1.6) | 0.5 (0.1–2.3) | 0.6 (0.2–1.8) | 0.7 (0.2–2.9) |
 Nigeria | 1.9 (0.7–5.1) | 13.1 (2.1–79.2) | 1.4 (0.5–3.7) | 1.3 (0.3–5.4) | 1.2 (0.5–3.2) | 1.1 (0.3–4.4) | 0.9 (0.4–2.6) | 1.0 (0.3–3.7) |
Duration on ART | ||||||||
 ART Naive | N/A | – | Ref | – | – | - | – | – |
  > 0 months to ≤ 6 months | – | – | 10.3 (3.4–31.0) | 13.3 (3.9–46.0) | 6.9 (2.6–18.7) | 10.5 (3.3–33.6) | 3.6 (1.4–9.5) | 5.2 (1.7–15.8) |
  > 6 months to ≤ 5 years | – | – | 29.3 (12.8–67.5) | 23.6 (9.6–58.3) | 27.3 (12.4–60.1) | 22.4 (9.4–53.4) | 19.5 (9.4–40.6) | 16.7 (7.3–38.1) |
  > 5 years | – | – | 48.1 (15.8–146.5) | 27.5 (8.2–92.5) | 39.9 (15.0–106.1) | 19.9 (6.8–57.9) | 36.1 (14.1–92.0) | 19.5 (6.9–55.0) |
Year enrolled in cohort | – | – |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 2013 | Ref | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 2014 | 1.0 (0.4–2.4) | 0.1 (0.0–0.5) | 0.9 (0.4–2.0) | – | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | – | 0.9 (0.4–1.9) | – |
 2015 | 0.7 (0.3–1.8) | 0.2 (0.0–1.1) | 0.6 (0.2–1.3) | – | 0.4 (0.2–1.0) | – | 0.6 (0.2–1.3) | – |
 2016 | 1.3 (0.4–3.7) | 0.4 (0.1–2.5) | 1.5 (0.5–4.5) | – | 1.5 (0.5–4.5) | – | 1.9 (0.7–5.3) | – |
 2017 | 0.3 (0.1–2.7) | 0.2 (0.0–4.1) | 0.1 (0.0–1.2) | – | 0.1 (0.0–1.2) | – | 0.2 (0.0–1.8) | – |
WHO stage | ||||||||
 I | Ref | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 II | 3.4 (1.9–6.2) | 3.5 (1.6–7.6) | 3.0 (1.7–5.3) | 2.0 (0.8–4.6) | 3.0 (1.7–5.3) | 2.1 (0.9–4.9) | 2.9 (1.7–5.0) | 1.6 (0.7–3.5) |
 III and IV | 19.5 (4.4–86.1) | 25.4 (4.5–143.2) | 5.0 (2.0–12.6) | 2.3 (0.6–8.4) | 4.5 (2.0–10.7) | 2.2 (0.7–7.3) | 4.6 (2.0–10.7) | 2.0 (0.6–6.0) |
Status disclosure to partner | ||||||||
 Yes | 1.6 (0.8–3.4) | 1.1 (0.2–7.6) | 3.7 (1.4–9.5) | – | 3.7 (1.4–9.8) | – | 4.0 (1.5–10.8) | – |
 No | Ref | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |