HIV drug resistance in patients in China’s national HIV treatment programme who have been on first-line ART for at least 9 months

Table 2 Changes in factors associated with drug resistance in patients who commenced first-line ART during 2003–2008, 2009–2012, and 2013–2015 (n = 11,976)

Factors	2003–2008 (%)		2009–2012 (%)		2013–2015 (%)
Factors	N	%	N	%	N	%	P*
Total	7595	100	2567	100	1814	100
Education							< 0.01
Secondary school or less	6494	85.5	1835	71.5	1022	56.3
High school and above	1101	14.5	732	28.5	792	43.7
Occupation							< 0.01
Other	2274	30.1	1231	48.3	964	53.8
Farmer	5277	69.9	1320	51.7	829	46.2
Route of HIV infection [1]							< 0.01
Heterosexual/homosexual intercourse	2399	31.6	1212	47.2	961	53.0
Other	5196	68.4	1355	52.8	853	47.0
Route of HIV infection [2]							< 0.01
Blood/IDU	4780	62.9	906	35.3	121	6.67
Other	2815	37.1	1661	64.7	1693	93.3
WHO clinic stage before ART							< 0.01
No	5253	69.2	1945	75.8	1715	94.5
Yes	2342	30.8	622	24.2	99	5.5
CD4 cell counts before ART (cells/mm³)							< 0.01
< 349	5664	90.8	2144	89.1	1388	78.0
≥ 350	572	9.2	263	10.9	392	22.0
Initial ART regimens [1]							< 0.01
3TC- based regimens	4991	65.7	1934	75.3	1424	78.5
Other regimens	2604	34.3	633	24.7	390	21.5
Initial ART regimens [2]							< 0.01
D4T/3TC/EFV or NVP	2863	37.7	607	23.7	81	4.5
Other regimens	4732	62.3	1960	76.3	1733	95.5
Initial ART regimens [3]							< 0.01
TDF/3TC/EFV	83	1.1	239	9.3	868	47.9
Other regimens	7512	98.9	2328	90.7	946	52.1
Missed doses in the past month							0.18
No	6925	91.2	2363	92.0	1674	92.3
Yes	670	8.8	204	8.0	140	7.7
ART drug distribution location							< 0.01
Township hospital or village clinic	6775	89.5	1463	57.2	97	5.4
County hospital or CDC	791	10.5	544	42.8	1717	94.6
Adverse drug reactions							< 0.01
No	5095	67.1	1945	75.8	1715	94.5
Yes	2500	32.9	622	24.2	99	5.5

ISSN: 1742-6405