Skip to main content

Table 1 Patients’ characteristics by cases and controls

From: Antiretroviral concentration measurements as an additional tool to manage virologic failure in resource limited settings: a case control study

Characteristics

Cases (VL > 1000) (copies/µl) N = 191

Controls (VL ≤ 1000) (copies/µl) N = 382

P-value

N (%)

N (%)

Gender, number (%)

 Male

58 (30.4)

116 (30.4)

 Female

133 (69.6)

266 (69.6)

Age in years, median (IQR)

37 (29−43)

37 (29−43)

 18–34

75 (39.3)

150 (39.3)

 ≥ 35

116 (60.7)

232 (60.7)

WHO stage, number (%)

 1 or 2

73 (38.2)

186 (48.8)

0.02

 3 or 4

118 (61.8)

195 (51.2)

CD4 cell counts per µl, median (IQR)

262 (118−429)

500 (346−661)

< 0.01

Duration on ART in months, median (IQR)

47 (27−82)

46 (27−93)

0.22

Time since HIV diagnosis in years Median (IQR)

7 (3−11)

8 (4−11)

0.30

ART_NNRT (NVP, EFV), number (%)

141 (74.2)

339 (88.7)

ART_PI (ATV, LPV), number (%)

49 (25.7)

45 (11.8)

< 0.01

  1. Gender and age were used as matching variables, so P-values on them is not relevant
  2. N number, IQR interquartile range, VL viral load, WHO World Health Organization, ART antiretroviral therapy, ATV atazanavir, LPV lopinavir, EFV efavirenz, NVP nevirapine, NNRTI nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, PI protease inhibitor