| Late presenters | Total |  |  | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | n | % | n | OR* (95%CI) | P -value |
PERCEPTION OF RISK | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Felt at risk of HIV infection (asked directly)b | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 26 | 41.9 | 62 | 1 | - |
   Yes | 25 | 37.3 | 67 | 0.83 (0.39–1.79) | 0.638 |
No perception of risk (mentioned as barrier)b (n = 122) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Not mentioned | 36 | 35.0 | 103 | 1 | - |
   Mentioned | 12 | 63.2 | 19 | 4.33 (1.40–13.33) | 0.011 |
Health-seeking behaviour when felt at riskb,†(n = 65) |  |  |  |  |  |
   No health-seeking behaviour | 14 | 45.2 | 31 | 1 | - |
   Protect oneself or seek advice family/friends/partner | 6 | 37.5 | 16 | 0.52 (0.13–2.05) | 0.347 |
   Seek advice health centre/CAI | 3 | 16.7 | 18 | 0.19 (0.04–0.88) | 0.034 |
BARRIERS TO TESTING | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Confidentiality testing siteb,‡ (n = 117) |  |  |  |  |  |
   Not mentioned | 39 | 37.9 | 103 | 1 | - |
   Mentioned | 8 | 57.1 | 14 | 2.30 (0.71–7.50) | 0.167 |
Fear for stigmab,§ (n = 125) |  |  |  |  |  |
   Not mentioned | 35 | 37.6 | 93 | 1 | - |
   Mentioned | 14 | 43.8 | 32 | 1.41 (0.60–3.33) | 0.434 |
Logistic constraintsb, ** (n = 119) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Not mentioned | 39 | 36.4 | 107 | 1 | - |
   Mentioned | 8 | 66.7 | 12 | 3.95 (1.05–14.81) | 0.042 |
Having no signs or symptomsb | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Not mentioned | 38 | 33.6 | 113 | 1 | - |
   Mentioned | 13 | 81.3 | 16 | 4.33 (1.40–13.33) | 0.011 |
Not-wanting-to-know HIV-statusb (n = 127) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Not mentioned | 36 | 35.0 | 103 | 1 | - |
   Mentioned | 14 | 58.3 | 24 | 2.53 (0.93–6.86) | 0.069 |
Distance to CAIa | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   ≤ 25 km | 71 | 37.0 | 192 | 1 | - |
   > 25 km | 20 | 60.6 | 33 | 3.15 (1.39–7.14) | 0.006 |
Final model of factors independently associated with late presentation at HIV diagnosis (n = 123/129) | |||||
   Factors |  |  |  | OR ††(95% CI) | P -value |
Age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   <30 years |  |  |  | 1 | - |
   ≥ 30 years |  |  |  | 5.34 (1.70–16.76) | 0.004 |
Sexuality | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Male heterosexual |  |  |  | 1 | - |
   Male homosexual |  |  |  | 0.22 (0.05–0.92) | 0.039 |
   Male bisexual |  |  |  | 2.38 (0.46–12.41) | 0.302 |
   Female |  |  |  | 0.23 (0.05–1.06) | 0.059 |
Perception faithfulness partner | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Faithful |  |  |  | 1 | - |
   Unfaithful/Doubting faithfulness |  |  |  | 0.078 (0.01–0.56) | 0.011 |
Distance to CAI | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   <25 km |  |  |  | 1 | - |
   ≥ 25 km |  |  |  | 16.69 (3.02–92.11) | 0.001 |